![]() ![]() 2017 38:22–33.Īw ST, Todd MJ, Aw GE, McGarvie LA, Halmagyi GM. The clinical evaluation of infantile nystagmus: what to do first and why. 1963 10:137–45.īertsch M, Floyd M, Kehoe T, Pfeifer W, Drack AV. A method of measuring eye movement using a scleral search coil in a magnetic field. Diagnostic approach to abnormal spontaneous eye movements. Diagnostic value of nystagmus: spontaneous and induced ocular oscillations. Square wave jerks in children and adolescents. Salman MS, Sharpe JA, Lillakas L, Steinbach MJ. How normal are “normal” square wave jerks? Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. Shallo-Hoffmann J, Petersen J, Muhlendyck H. Infantile and acquired nystagmus in childhood. Incidence and types of pediatric nystagmus. The prevalence of nystagmus: the Leicestershire nystagmus survey. Sarvananthan N, Surendran M, Roberts EO, Jain S, Thomas S, Shah N, et al. Fusional maldevelopment nystagmus syndrome.Treatment approaches for the oscillations are also discussed, where relevant. In this chapter, the pathogenesis, clinical features, and common causes of congenital and acquired forms of nystagmus, saccadic intrusions, saccadic oscillations, and other nystagmoid eye movements are reviewed. Most ocular oscillations can be accurately diagnosed on the basis of a thorough history and a systematic evaluation of the characteristics of the oscillations, although eye movement recordings are sometimes necessary for definitive diagnosis. Small infrequent saccadic intrusions can occur in normal humans, but frequent saccadic intrusions and saccadic oscillations mostly occur in the setting of neurologic disease. Saccadic intrusions and oscillations, in contrast with nystagmus, are initiated by a saccadic eye movement that takes the eyes away from the visual target. Nystagmus can be congenital, as in infantile nystagmus syndrome, or acquired. Nystagmus can have a jerk waveform with corrective quick phase movements or a pendular waveform with slow phase movements in both directions. Nystagmus is an oscillatory movement of the eyes that is initiated by a slow phase movement. Ocular oscillations are commonly encountered in clinical practice and can cause visual symptoms, such as oscillopsia, blurred vision, and difficulty reading. ![]()
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